Friday, May 12, 2017

Andũ aria mũtarainie - The people you are related to....Kinship in Gikuyu

We continue with our journey to learning and  Gikuyu language. Among the Gikuyu people kinship was very important. There are numerous proverbs on kinship. Have you ever wondered about the titles though? Here are some of them; 

Mwana wa – child of; Ciana cia - children of
Use in a sentence : ciana ciake ithomagira America (his/her children are studying in America)
Maitũ/mami – mother, Nyina – his/her mother, nyũkwa – your mother
Use in a sentence ũyũ niwe maitũ  / mami - This is my mother
Mwari wa maitu – my sister (My mother’s daughter), Mwari wa nyina, Mwari wa nyukwa
Baba – Father, ithe – his/her father, ithe witũ – our father, Thoguo – your father
Mũrũ wa baba – Brother (my father’s son – used for stepbrother), Mũrũ wa ithe, Mũrũ wa thogwo
Tata – Auntie (on mother’s side), Mama – uncle (on mother’s side)
Baba mũnini - Uncle on Father’s side but must be younger than father (literally small father)
Baba Mũkũrũ – Uncle on father’s side but must be older than father (literally old father)
Please Note that all aunties on father’s side are all called Tata. (sisters to the father) All wives of paternal uncles are addressed as 'Mother.'  Mami relative to age. For example, a father's older brothers wife is 'mami mukuru' 

Thursday, January 28, 2016

Kikuyu Hymns- Ihiga ria tene ma- Rock of ages cleft for me

The song evokes sweet and sad memories. My maternal grandmother was truly a woman of faith. She loved this hymn. The memories are sweet because it reminds me that unwavering faith made her walk miles on  bare feet  during the East African revival movement "Tukutendereza" preaching the gospel of Christ. She taught catechism in a small church up the hill without expecting reward or recognition. The memories are sad because to most people spirituality and religion are one...and sometimes we sing from the lips not from a deeper place as reflected in the words of this song. Without further ado. Here it is;

Ihiga ria tene ma
Nindiihite hari we
Tuma mai na thakame
Kuuma mbaru-ini ciaku
Unine wihia wothe
Ningi na hinya waguo

Mawira makwa mothe
Matingihingia watho
Kiyo giakwa kinene
Kieha o na maithori
Itinginina wihia
Nowe wiki wahota

Ndiri na ihaki nii
Ngwihoka mutharaba
Ndi njaga humba nguo
Ndi muhutu ndeithagia
Ndi o mwihia no nguthii
Githima giaku there

Hingo ino ya muoyo
O na iria cia gikua
Ndariuka na ndakuona
Mutuaniri cira
Ihiga ria tene ma
Ningehitha hari we

Wednesday, January 20, 2016

Nyimbo cia kuinira Ngai- Gikuyu Hymns


 Happy 2016- Nindakwendera mwaka mweru wina irathimo. ( I wish you a happy new year full of God's blessings)

Wimwega mwaka mweru! This translates to Happy new year greetings. I love gikuyu Hymns, They are rich, beautiful and simply wonderful. Whenever i attend a funeral or Gikuyu gathering, i feel bad when i murmur along and do not know the works. To start 2016 i will  post  few Gikuyu Hymns and if possible the English hymn for the learners. Its a great way to learn Gikuyu too. So i will start with my  dad's  favorite
 "Twakugatha Ngai"  We praise  Thee oh God. Nituine hamwe....

Twakugatha Ngai

Twakugatha ngai, tondu wa tha ciaku
Na thakame ya Jesu mukuuri witu

CHORUS
Haleluya! Twakugatha
Haleluya! Amen
Haleluya! Twakuhoya
Turathime riu

Turathime riu, utuiyurie ngoro
Wendani munene na witikiro

Twakugatha ngai tondu roho wake
Niwe ututeithagia matuku mothe

Jesu niagoka, nitukene muno
Na gikeno kinene na uthethuko

English Version
We praise Thee, O God!
For the Son of Thy love,
For Jesus who died,
And is now gone above.

Refrain

Hallelujah! Thine the glory.
Hallelujah! Amen.
Hallelujah! Thine the glory.
Revive us again.

We praise Thee, O God!
For Thy Spirit of light,
Who hath shown us our Savior,
And scattered our night.

Refrain

All glory and praise
To the Lamb that was slain,
Who hath borne all our sins,
And hath cleansed every stain.

Refrain

All glory and praise
To the God of all grace,
Who hast bought us, and sought us,
And guided our ways.

Refrain

Revive us again;
Fill each heart with Thy love;
May each soul be rekindled
With fire from above.

Refrain

Friday, November 27, 2015

Nyimbo Cia Gikuyu - Songs in Gikuyu Part 1


" That's the amazing thing about music: there's a song for every emotion. Can you imagine a world with no music? It would suck."  Harry Styles


The traditional Gĩkũyũ life was full of music and dance. There was a song and dance for every season. There were dances for women, men, young men basically every age group. My father who is about 70 something (He is not sure although his national ID has a date) tells me that as late as 1960's they still held dances and he shows me the specific spots they were held.Due to the spread of christianity and subsuquent cultural erosion these songs and dances are extinct.

The  Music and dance comprised of

  • Vocal techniques
  • Instruments e.g Wandindi, kiigamba, tuthanju, karing'aring'a, Gicandi, Njingiri, coro, rũhĩa,ndarama,
  • Dance patterns & Costumes e.g hang'i, mũthuru, mũgathĩ, gicuthĩ, kamwengũe. e.t.c

Among the Gĩkũyũ, singing prevails over dance and instruments. The music can be classified  as;

Traditional Folk:  This music centres on events and matters that are of common interest and concern to the members of the Agĩkũyũ community. The music deals with· everyday life activities and all matters relating to the Agĩkũyũ cultural practices. This type of music is closely integrated with traditional institutions, ceremonies, rituals and many other community events. This Included hĩs Inclũded Kĩbaata, gĩtĩro, Mũgoĩyo, Mũthuũ, Mũthũngũcĩ, Ndumo, Ngũcũ, Kĩbũĩya, Wakarĩrũ, Mũũmbũro, Marobo, Ndũgo, Gĩcũkĩa, Kĩbũĩya.Mũcũng'wa

Neo Traditional: The music adapt, re-arrange and reinterpret old traditional songs and melodies to give them new meaning and relevance. The tunes of this type of music are in gĩkũyũ but make use of both the traditional and Western musical instruments. They also incorporate dance
styles from the Western music. These include Muthirigu, Gicamba, Kaari,  and Mwomboko which evolved during the colonial period.Mwomboko was introduced around  1937 by soldiers who came from the war. They tried to incorporate dance elements of the waltz and Scottish dances.For more on Mwoboko visit  http://ir-library.ku.ac.ke/handle/123456789/7484

Contemporary: This music includes various songs and dances which result from the fusion of traditional Gĩkũyũ; music and European music and dance elements. It shares many characteristics of Western popular music beginning with the advent of recording technology and the development of recording industry.
Some of this music is   played in night clubs and places of entertainment, hymns drawn from Western music and then translated in the Gĩkũyũ language, Christian sacred folk music, and art music.


The following paragraph is from Ngugi wa Thiongo's The River Between, where, after several years at a Protestant institution, Waiyaki returns temporarily to Kameno apparently unbaptized and desiring to participate in the annual circumcision ritual with other boys of his age. The uninhibited behaviour of the participants in the accompanying festival scandalizes the youth. Ngugi describes their conduct graphically, particularly with regard to a nocturnal communal dance:

"Everyone went into a frenzy of excitement. Old and young, women and children, all were there losing themselves in the magic motion of the dance. Men shrieked and shouted and jumped into the air as they went round in a circle ... Women, stripped to the waist, with their thin breasts flapping on their chests, went round and round the big fire, swinging their hips and contorting their bodies in all sorts of provocative ways, but always keeping the rhythm. They were free. Age and youth had become reconciled for this one night. And you could sing about anything and talk of the hidden parts of men and women without feeling that you had violated the otherwise strong social code that governed people's relationships, especially the relationship between young and old, man and woman."
From the excerpt we can see the value of song and dance in traditional Gĩkũyũ culture.
 I will be posting details of who sang and when and if possible the lyrics  of  various gĩkũyũ songs.. Keep reading and comment!

Tuesday, July 7, 2015

 Gikuyu/ Kikuyu Greetings

Standard Kikuyu has three main divisions. These are Gaki (Nyeri), Metumi (Muranga) and Kabete or Kiambu Kikuyu (Muriuki 1974). Gĩkũyũ was not only a language but also the name of a patriarch ancestor.
The following are some common Gikuyu greetings

  • Wimwega
  • Uhoro Waku
  • Geithika
  • Ni ndakugeithia
All these mean how are you but in different forms. Wimwega  sounds more formal and Uhoro waku can be used to inquire further how a person is doing.

In Nyeri (Nyiri) however greetings differ as shown below


  •  Wakia awa: awa (father). This is used by ladies to men who are their father or in the family lineage should be considered as a father. The anwer to this is Wakia maitu. It's worth noting that a mother would also greet the son this way, 
  •  Wakia maitu: this is for men/women to mothers in the real sense or to all the women who would qualify to be their mother. The answer to this would be, wakia awa (to a man) and wakia iiû (to a lady).
  •  Wakia iiû: a mother greeting a daughter. the reply is wakia maitu, e.g, Wanjiku's Mother: wakia iiû? Wanjiku: wakia maitu.
  •  Wakia cûcû: grand child to the grandmother. the reply is the same.
  •  Wakia wakini: (not commonly used). This is between men of the same age-group (riika). The reply is the same.
  • Wanyua (also not common): between a young and an old man. reply the same.

Wednesday, March 11, 2015

Education titles in Gĩkũyũ - Marĩtwa ma ngathĩ cia gĩthomo


Education titles in Gĩkũyũ - Marĩtwa ma ngathĩ cia gĩthomo


Gĩgĩkũyũ Gĩthũngũ (English)
1. Mũranja wa Ũturi Bachelor of Arts
2. Ugo wa Mũranja wa Ũturi Bachelor of Arts Thesis
3. Mũranja wa Thayathi (Ũthimũri) Bachelor of Science
4. Ugo wa Mũranja wa Thayathi (Ũthimũri) Bachelor of Science Thesis
5. Mũramati wa Ũturi Master of Arts
6. Ugo wa Mũramati wa Ũturi Master of Arts Thesis
7. Mũramati wa Thayathi (Ũthimũri) Master of Science
8. Ugo wa Mũramati wa Thayathi (Ũthimũri) Master of Science Thesis
9. Mũgo wa Ũthamaki Doctor of Philosophy
10. Ũgo wa Mũgo wa Ũthamaki Ph.D. Dissertation
11. Ugo/Njugo Thesis/Theses
12. Ũgo/Moogo Dissertation/Dissertations


Ngatho nyingĩ kuma kũrĩ ; www.gatua.com

Friday, March 6, 2015

Parts of the body in Gĩkũyũ- Ciĩga cia mwĩrĩ


mũtwe - head
Njuĩrĩ - hair
Iniũrũ - nose
Kanua - mouth
Igego- tooth, magego – teeth,
Ikaburu – molar, makaburu - molars
Kĩreru - chin
nderu – beard, materu - beards
riitho – eye. maitho – eyes, butu - eyelashes
ngingo - neck
kĩande – shoulder, ciande - shoulders
guoko – hand, moko - hands
Kaara – finger, tũara fingers (Tuara, with a change of tone,also means deliver something somewhere)
igokora - elbow
Nda - stomach
Gĩthũri - chest
Mũkonyo - Belly button
Njohero - Waist
Kĩero – thigh, ciero - thighs
Kũgũrũ – leg, magũrũ - legs
ikinya – foot, makinya - feet ( also foot steps)
Clothing and related items
Nguo - clothes, Nguo cia mwĩrĩ - clothes for the body - mwĩrĩ body
Shati - shirt, Thuruarĩ - Shorts/pants, Mũbũto - Trousers
Thogithi - socks, Ngobia - hat/cap, tai - neck tie,
Mĩwani - spectacles, kiratũ - shoe, Iratũ- shoes, Taritari - sandals
Gĩtambaya - cloth, Gĩtambaya kia mũtwe - Head scarf
Mindira - ear rings, Bangiri - bangle(s), Mbete - ring, Mũgathi - necklace